[TOEFL writing] Jun. 15, 2024
The reading passage explains the advantages of bike-sharing programs, while the listening passage highlights several practical issues that undermine these benefits.
Firstly, the reading asserts that bike-sharing programs can decrease the number of cars on the road, thus reducing emissions and promoting a healthier lifestyle.
Firstly, the reading asserts
the reading asserts
the number of cars on the road
thus reducing emissions and promoting a healthier lifestyle
healthier lifestyle
healthier lifestyle
However, the professor contends that theft and vandalism pose significant challenges.
contends that
contends that
theft and vandalism
theft and vandalism
theft and vandalism
pose significant challenges
pose significant challenges
He notes that many cities experience high rates of stolen and damaged bikes, which leads to financial losses and discourages potential users.
notes that
notes that
many cities experience high rates of stolen and damaged bikes
high rates of stolen and damaged bikes
which leads to
financial losses
Secondly, the reading suggests that these programs are effective in cutting car usage.
suggests that
suggests that
are effective in
are effective in
are effective in
cutting car usage
cutting car usage
cutting car usage
In contrast, the professor argues that bike-sharing users often come from an already eco-friendly demographic.
In contrast
In contrast,
In contrast,
argues that
argues that
argues that
often come from
often come from
often come from
an already eco-friendly demographic
already eco-friendly demographic
already eco-friendly demographic
According to studies mentioned in the listening passage, many participants previously relied on walking or public transit, meaning that the reduction in car usage is less significant than anticipated.
According to studies
mentioned in the listening passage
previously relied on walking or public transit
previously relied on walking or public transit
previously relied on walking or public transit
previously relied on walking or public transit
meaning that
meaning that
the reduction in car usage
the reduction in car usage
the reduction in car usage
is less significant than anticipated
is less significant than anticipated
is less significant than anticipated
is less significant than anticipated
Lastly, while the reading claims that bike-sharing is cost-effective due to lower infrastructure needs, the professor points out that the initial setup and ongoing maintenance costs can be substantial.
Lastly,
Lastly,
claims that
claims that
is cost-effective
due to lower infrastructure needs
due to lower infrastructure needs
points out
points out
the initial setup and ongoing maintenance costs can be substantial
can be substantial
can be substantial
These unforeseen expenses can place a considerable burden on city budgets, contrary to the reading's assertion of cost-effectiveness.
These unforeseen expenses
unforeseen expenses
unforeseen expenses
unforeseen expenses
can place a considerable burden
can place a considerable burden
can place a considerable burden
burden on city budgets
burden on city budgets
contrary to the reading's assertion of cost-effectiveness
contrary to
contrary to
the reading's assertion of cost-effectiveness
In conclusion, while the reading passage presents bike-sharing programs as beneficial and economical, the listening passage reveals that practical issues such as theft, limited impact on car usage, and high costs can significantly diminish these advantages.
presents programs as beneficial and econmical
presents programs as beneficial and eocnomical
presents programs as beneficial and economical
reveals that
reveals that
reveals that
practical issues such as
limited impact on
limited impact on
limited impact on
can significantly diminish
can significantly diminish
can significantly diminish